@article {Wedd2024.04.11.588870,
	author = {Wedd, Charlie and Yunusov, Temur and Smith, Aaron and Li, Ruizhe and Hardo, Georgeos and Hunter, Michael and Majed, Racha and Fusco, Diana and Bakshi, Somenath},
	title = {Single-cell imaging of the lytic phage life cycle in bacteria},
	elocation-id = {2024.04.11.588870},
	year = {2024},
	doi = {10.1101/2024.04.11.588870},
	publisher = {Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory},
	abstract = {When a lytic bacteriophage infects a bacterial cell, it commandeers the cell{\textquoteright}s resources to replicate, ultimately causing cell lysis and the release of new virions. As phages function as obligate parasites, each stage of the infection process depends on the physiological parameters of the host cell. Given the inherent variability of bacterial physiology, we ask how the phage infection dynamic reflects such heterogeneity.Here, we introduce an imaging assay for investigating the kinetics of individual infection steps by a single T7 phage on a single bacterium. The high-throughput, time-resolved nature of the assay allows us to monitor the infection progression simultaneously in multiple cells, revealing substantial heterogeneity in each step and correlations between the dynamics of infection steps and physiological properties of the infected cell. Simulations of competing phage populations with distinct lysis time distributions indicate that this heterogeneity can have considerable impact on phage fitness, recognising variability in infection kinetics as a potential evolutionary driver of phage-bacteria interactions.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest.},
	URL = {https://www.biorxiv.org/content/early/2024/10/22/2024.04.11.588870},
	eprint = {https://www.biorxiv.org/content/early/2024/10/22/2024.04.11.588870.full.pdf},
	journal = {bioRxiv}
}